The fraction 
(written alternatively as a/b ), where a is a non negative integer and b is a positive integer, was historically obtained by dividing a unit length into b equal parts and taking a of these parts.
For example, 
refers to 3 of 5 equal parts of the whole, taken together.
In the fraction the number a is the numerator and the number b is the denominator.
It is a proper fraction if a < b and an improper fraction otherwise.
the way in which elements in a still or moving image are arranged to create a specific interpretation of the whole. Strong framing creates a sense of enclosure around elements while weak framing creates a sense of openness